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Fairytale Grimoire: Beauty and the Beast

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For the season, this is a very interesting fairytale, about love developing between a young woman and a monstrously deformed man. The man is the Beast and is portrayed as part human and part animal. All books and films based on this loving story are true to the original version, "La Belle et la Bête" by an 18th Century author, Gabrielle Suzanne Bardot de Villeneuve.

The story begins when a merchant has to depart for overseas. He asks his three daughters what they would like so that he could bring them all presents on his return. The eldest daughter requested jewels. The middle daughter wanted pretty silk dresses. The youngest daughter, named Belle, asked for a rose. The merchant set off. The journey itself goes that he returned empty handed because the ship that he was on was attacked by pirates, in some stories it was destroyed by a sea storm. He loses the gifts for his daughters. He returns sadly but before he goes home, he finds rose bushes in a garden. He picks a rose, and is attacked by the Beast.

Out of fear, he does everything that the Beast asks him to do, and promises to bring his youngest to the Beast. The merchant is afraid for his life and his daughter's life. He reluctantly takes Belle to the house of the rose garden, to meet the frightening Beast. When the Beast appears, he offers them both food and drink and to sit by a warm fire. Then he offers Belle a comfortable and fine bedroom to sleep in. Clearly he wants to keep Belle and tells her father to leave. When the merchant departs in sadness, Belle spends her time there alone with the Beast.

She is scared of him at first. Food is brought to her. She's given clothes and treated like a princess. The Beast doesn't always appear because, as we find out, he's ashamed of his grotesque form. However, Belle feels more relaxed and she starts to befriend him.

One day she tells the Beast how much that she misses her father. It's been a long time since she last saw her dad and sisters. The Beast gives her a magic mirror and it reveals an image of her father in bed very sick. She wants to go and visit him, not wanting to break the Beasts' promise of staying in his house either. The Beast says that she can go and be with her father for a week and she must return to him. Belle promises to do that. She goes home and finds that her dad had been unwell with worry and grief. When he saw Belle, he started recovering. Belle stayed with her family and didn't notice that a week had passed, then another and another.        

She thought of the Beast one day and saw him through the magic mirror, on the grounds of his rose garden as if dead. She remembered the promise she made, and broke, and became extremely worried. She rushed off and set out to go to the Beast. She found him on the ground, dying. She was so overcome with sadness that she said "Please don't die my Beast, I love you".

With those magic words, the Beast changed. Instead of the man in a hideous animal form, was a handsome prince. Belle's love broke the spell that a witch cursed him with. He and Belle fell in love and went away to be married.

The end

The motif here was "magic mirror", "rose", "curse", "animal-man", "love" and "number three".

The magical number three includes the three daughters, who may be the symbol of the triple goddess, the Norns, the triquetra and phases of the moon. Although presented as mortals, these characters often feature in nearly every old fairytale. Whether Mme Gabrielle understood it or not, she was generating an ancient memory of magic, charms, wisdom and folklore embedded in the human psyche. She was a storyteller and picked up oral traditions and possibly read a lot of older literature and myths.

The theme of animal-man, werewolf, werebeast, half man half animal, ect is indeed a curse, an hereditary disposition that makes someone appear horrible and dangerous. Modern versions of Beauty and the Beast present the Beast and kindly and benign, but the earlier versions tell of the Beast having an aggressive nature (to empower the merchant and imprison Belle). What modern storytellers overlook is the fact the Beast is a symbol of men and how they seek to dominate and possess women. In the Disney version, Belle comes across as a cool chick willing to hang out in the Beasts' castle. How sugary. This condition is unreal. Mme Gabrielle's story of the cruel Beast and a frightened Belle is perfect at explaining actual human emotions of slave and master situation. Ruling by fear, not by love, imprisons someone against their will. But the Beast isn't really a monster though. He loves Belle.

In the news over the last couple of years or so, reports emerge of women having been imprisoned for many years by men, who had no contact with the outside world until they were found. While they didn't love their jailors, and the jailors didn't/couldn't have loved these poor victims, an initial use of power and brutality started the events. A slave and master is a completely opposite to genuine love and affection. While the Beast possesses Belle and keeps her there in his castle, love grows because above all, he treated her like a princess, and loved her since the beginning. What woman could he love unless it was someone who wanted a rose from his garden?

Roses are a symbol of love as well as the Goddesses of love and beauty. Roses are a powerful source of witchcraft. A rose represents all that is feminine and healthy. Roses appear often in folklore when it comes to maidens and princesses. The magic mirror, another frequent fairytale object, is a scrying tool that indicates the Black Arts. The darkness of Beauty and the Beast was the witches curse upon the prince.

The theme of Beauty and the Beast isn't new and goes back to ancient myths. Gods took the shapes of animals, sometimes half animals, to rape mortal women on Midgard (the earthly plane). The Prince who was the Beast is a god, who fell in love with a mortal woman and needed to reach her heart. He protected her and loved her, cherished her and became tragically ill when Belle didn't return to him.

Within some mortal men, there are beasts, and also princes. Who and where?     

Enchanting flowers: Crocus

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It's February and a load of purple surprises have grown from the soil. These flowers are the Spring time Crocus. They come from the iris genus family. The crocuses have many varieties, they've got six petals and can be found in different colours ranging from purple, blue, white, cream and yellow. Particularly the blue and purple species have bright yellow centres. These are found in the wild grasses, at the base of trees, along paths and streams and especially found in some gardens.

These flowers start off with slender buds and when they open, they look like miniature fairy crowns. As delicate as they look, these flowers are tough and can grow in wintry conditions of snow, ice and frost. These flowers are like pretty bridesmaids that follow after the bridal snowdrops. These are the second wild flower to appear in abundance at late winter but the first of the colourful flowers of the year. 

A name "Crocus" is from the ancient Greek Krokos, Hebrew Karkom and Persian Kurkam. This means "Yellow" and is meaning the middle of the flower, even the purple and blue varieties that all have yellow fertile middles. These produce the rich yellow saffron spice and saffron dye.

Crocuses are associated with saffron, magic, beauty and solar goddesses. The Egyptian queen Cleopatra loved using saffron as a seductive perfume and aromatic bath essence. Saffron from crocuses has been widely used in the rest of the ancient world as a medicine and aphrodisiac. Royals went crazy over saffron. Alexander the Great used saffron to heal his wounds. Today saffron is mainly used as an ingredient in cookery, paint, cosmetics and modern medicines. It's said to be good for treating cancer and depression.   

As a flower, crocuses are used as decourations and worn during the pagan celebrations of Imbolc and Ostara. Goddesses associated with saffron and crocus flowers are Freya, Aphrodite, Eostre, Brigid, Persephone, Eos and Ashtoreth. These flowers represent the approach of Spring and the daylight.

A real sweet tooth

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 They say werewolves can't be vegetarians, or vegans, or flexitarians but this is all hype. First of all werewolves in the Hollywood sense don't exist. Secondly, the true werewolves come in many different types, from therianthropes, to lycanthropes, to warriors or the wolf heads and berserkers, to the porphyric conditioned people to the bloodlines of the ancient kings, to the masters and priestesses of wolf gods and spirits. While many therianthropes and certainly lycanthropes play act, and believe in the stereotypes and myths, the true werewolves just live without putting on airs. Food wise, I'm a flexitarian, to be extra specific a pollo-pescetariansmeaning that I like vegetarian food and a little meat sometimes but not all the time. I couldn't eat cows, horses, sheep or deer. I like fish, pork, chicken, turkey, goose, duck and lobster.

The human is a tampered animal, and so is the domestic dog. Both humans and dogs have different physiology and diets. There is cross contamination and illnesses. Dogs have more genetic defects than wolves. Humans have a lot of genetic impurities and therefore looks at the wolf as the original ancestor. Many people are accustomed to fear of wolves out of centuries of executions and witch mania. But far far back in the dawn of time, humans and wolves started to unite as hunting comrades.

There are omnivorous, or flexitarian canids. All canids including dogs and wolves are omnivorous but wolves less so as they generally eat more meat than plants. But I have seen wolves munching away on berries, melons, pumpkins and cake! Foxes have a mainly omnivorous diet. There are so many different foxes in the world, from the fluffy yellow city fox, the red country fox, the white arctic fox, the grey Ethiopian fox, big-eared fenec fox and the brown crab eating fox. Black foxes are considered "unlucky" but these are mystical animals and are a "silver fox" or Vulpes vulpes. These foxes have been domesticated. The maned wolves of South America eat mainly fruit, plants, vegetables, roots, insects and a little meat. These tall, delicate looking canids are red in colour with long manes. They hunt occasionally and they like to hunt alone, instead of within packs. They are a monogamous. Their traits are very similar to human beings. And like people, wolves (and all other canidea) love sweet things and not just meat!

The Power of Hel

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In the Northern Tradition, the most terrifying of the goddesses comes in the form of death. Her name is Hel. Sometimes Her name is spelled "Hela". She's the ruler of the underworld and appears as a dark shadowy figure, either ghastly, half human, beautiful, demonic and corpselike.

The daughter of the trickster god Loki, and Angrboda the giantess. Sister of Fenris wolf and the vast World Serpent. Her realm is the underworld, Helheim, Hel's domain, where souls of the dead reside who have not died in battle. Apart from warriors, She takes in anyone else who have passed away, from the elderly, to infants, mothers, those who've died of illnesses, in accidents, murder victims and executions. She sends the souls of the dead in different places of Her underworld, and souls of the wicked and nasty people end up in an icy cruel world.

Although many people today view Hel as a monster, gruesome in appearance and in some popular culture, She's been regarded as evil, Hel was considered a benign goddess by ancient people.

Hel was always a goddess of comfort to pregnant women and children. Women needed Hel during painful childbirth and if they died of labour, Hel would kindly watch over them and assist them to the underworld. When people, particularly women and children, were ill or in pain, they sought the spiritual blessing of Hel and turned to Her as She was a motherly goddess. Ancient people never saw death as evil. Death has been turned into an enemy of humans, and see death as something to avoid and fear. But death is part of nature and death, physical death of an individual doesn't mean the complete end.   

Over the centuries Hel was made grotesque and frightening so that people would avoid calling upon Her if/when they think they're going to die. Today some people are recognising Hel as not evil, wicked, scary and monstrous but mysterious and kind.

Hel is one of the earliest Earth Nature goddesses that was understood by prehistoric tribes of people many thousands of years ago. Hel is possibly another aspect of the Earth Mother and this is due to the myths of Her residing in the underworld/underground, at the lower roots of the World Tree, and She is the gentle dark soil/earth that we'll all return to eventually after physical death.

The ancient peoples who existed long before the Vikings, saw Hel as beautiful and fertile, but guarding of the world's sacred elements, the earth's passages, tunnels, caves, inner fires, animals, secrets of the spiritual realm and even ruler of gravity. However this mystical goddess of the realm of living, spirit, shadow, light, life, death is linked to the idea of the Dark Goddesses, who are all thought of as "evil" by people today.

The divine mother figure of goddess Hel has been lost when it comes to Norse mythology. Yet the motherly Hel goddess figure has survived in fairy tales, as the loving Mother Holle (or Frau Holle/Holda) and other Germanic folklore. In Mother Holle the goddess Hel is also seen as the tender White Mother of winter. In one tale She helped a mortal girl sprinkle snow on the land by shaking feathers from pillows, and then gifted her with a shower of gold, turning the girl into an immortal.

Hel is divine, a goddess of winter, spring, summer and autumn. She's nurtures, loves, heals from pain and comforts. Goddess Hel is from a time when people were Hunter Gatherers, but before Her people encountered the other people who followed the Vanir and Aersir gods. Hel is not the skeletal monster that modern twisted versions of the myth have us think.
                  
Links and sources of Goddess Hel:

Hel: Goddess of the Underworld
Goddess Hel - Heathen Temple
Book = "The Norse Goddess" by Monica Sjöö
Hel 



Valkyrie Eir

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Among all of the Valkyrie's, Eir is the most gentle. She's associated with medicines, healing herbs and crystals. She dwells on Lyfjaberg, a hill of healing. It might also have been a mountain with a fresh water spring. That is where there is said to be a legendary castle, heavily guarded and locked by magic. Within contained a princess named Mingloth who couldn't be seen by anyone except for someone named Svipdagr. This came in the form of a man who could enter and meet the princess.

Now the princess was cared for by a host of Valkyries, and one of them was Eir. These valkyries of Lyfjaberg seemed more like priestesses as they worked in a shrine and in the castle, and assisted mortals during solstice rituals. Sometimes Eir treated the wounded and sick. She wore a lilac and silver dress, jewels and she had a tiara of gold encrusted with pearls round her head. Helping the ones from dying, assisting women in childbirth and tending to children is what the hill Valkyries, mainly Eir did there.

She was capable of performing darker forms of magic such as necromancy and summoning spirits, but either on behalf of men or to defend the hill from attack. Overall Eir was a valkyrie of healing and not anything sinister. She was possibly able to advise and help anyone who wanted to practice sorcery.

Some conflicting records of Eir have her as a goddess as well as a valkyrie. The major poems and writings of the myths strongly indicate Eir was one of the Choosers of the Slain as she belonged to the divine order of Valkyries. The Valkyries themselves are the northern nymphs who were known among the Germanic people. It's hinted in far distant times that people interacted with Valkyries. My view is that there was also an ancient order of powerful priestesses who were followers of Odin/Wotan/Wodan who were regarded as holy by ordinary people. These valkyries were like priestesses, shield maidens, sorceresses, white witches and beautiful beings. They might've been high born, and daughters of warrior kings (who themselves claim descent from gods).

Unfortunately much of the legends of the Norse, and other Germanic tribes has been lost. Not everything was written down on paper or inscribed in rock. Fragments of these tales and mythical individuals survive in fairytale, folklore, modern literature and revived in pop culture. Eir appears in the Marvel based film "Thor: The Dark World" and the games "Runescape" and "Valkyrie Crusade".  

Links about this post:
Eir Lore: Poetic Edda
Skaldic Poetry
The Poetic Edda
Prose Edda
(Film)
Thor: The Dark World
(Games)
Runescape
Valkyrie Crusade

Enchanting flowers: Daffodil

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The daffodil is most commonly associated with the Spring equinox. It blooms in bright daylight colours and different shades of the sun. Mostly golden in the centre, bell shaped and triple layered, they come in a variety of features. The flowers resemble the tutu skirts of ballerinas. After the snowdrops in their white bridal gowns, the crocus bridesmaids followed after, and now a golden team of daffodil ballet dancers spin.

The daffodil's true name is Narcissus. Named after a handsome, vain man (demigod) from Greek mythology, who enjoyed looking at his own reflection. He was so in love with himself that he ignored a woman (nymph) called Echo who was in love with him. While staring at himself in a pool, Narcissus fell in the water and died. A plant grew there, and it was a daffodil. Also a girl goddess, Persephone, was picking daffodils when she was abducted by the god Hades who took her to the underworld and kept her there as his bride.

Daffodils have often been flowers with polar meanings, positive and negative, good luck flowers, or flowers of bad omens. Flowers of death and broken love. Flowers of fortune and power.

Despite it's beauty, daffodils are quite poisonous. The daffodil bulb resembles an onion and many have made a mistake of eating them. Although onions are too hot to eat raw, they're a healthy ingredient in cooking but onions are edible and non-toxic. Daffodil bulbs are toxic and can cause anything serious from severe, vomiting, stomach cramps and diarrhea. Yet since ancient times, daffodils provide medicines and treatments.

 "I wandered lonely as a Cloud
That floats on high o'er Vales and Hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd
A host of dancing Daffodils;
Along the Lake, beneath the trees,
Ten thousand dancing in the breeze."

Wordsworth, 1804.

Guardian of the underworld

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The other night I had a vision during meditation. I came across a few cloudy shapes and couldn't make out what they were, either trees or just mist. Sometimes visions are blurry if I'm not fully concentrating. I was astral travelling, and wandered off. I sometimes hope to visit other realms one day but can't. Then I started to see something. What came into my head was Garm, the name of a hound in Norse mythology that guards the underworld. What I soon saw was a shape in the mist of a black dog/wolf. This particular canine was very big. It was much bigger than a German shepherd, and larger than the size of an average male grey wolf. The face itself was dog-like but not familiar features of a wolf or a domestic dog. It's eyes were blazing, almost the colour of blood. I was afraid but also felt respect of the animal. I stopped meditating.

Did research on both Garm and the physical appearance of the animal in my vision. There are many such hellhounds of the underworld featured in many myths. The most famous is Cerberus of Greek myth, who is a ferocious three-headed dog. Garm is considered "blood-stained" and sits at Goddess Hel's gates. Some scholars confuse Garm with the giant wolf Fenris as both are linked to tales of Ragnarok. Like the three  headed dog Cerberus, Garm has an unusual feature of four eyes! In Hindu and Persian myths are four eyed dogs that guard the gates of the underworld. Both Cerberus and Garm sit at the gates of the underworld and stop the dead from going across to Midgard.     

Apart from that, reports from people who've claimed to have seen hellhounds such as these describe them as having almost a phantom quality, black fur, intelligent and with red eyes (similar to the big dog in my vision). Some have seen these dogs during a very bad paranormal experience or a nightmare after playing with the occult. Such dogs are embedded in folklore. In England, shadowy red-eyed dogs are nicknamed Black Shuck, who often linger around cemeteries and graveyards. In Wales, this dog is well known as Cwn Annwn who is part of the legendary Wild Hunt, as Garm is of the Wild Hunt too. In some parts of Wales, the people call it Gwyllgi and this dog is considered a "mastiff" because of it's enormous size and red eyes!!!

Now beside the myths, legends, folklore and stories, I was looking into more biological answers. There are many dogs and wolves and none that looked like the dog form in my vision. What was it? Was this Garm? Maybe it was but what sort of canid was Garm? Instead of talking about the supernatural or the symbolic (three heads and four eyes), let's go a wee bit scientific.

I checked out the origins of domestic dogs first going back to a common ancestor, Canis Lupis. The earliest type of other wolf that existed was a Dire Wolf. It was larger than today's wolf and its head shape was a little bit different to the modern grey wolf's. The Dire Wolf was part of the prehistoric megafauna that existed during the Pleistocene age but was slow due it's size and weight. It's teeth were very large and was capable of crunching on bone. These Dire Wolves became extinct more than 10,000 years ago during the arrival of grey wolves and humans. However, even though Dire Wolves looked like the dog in my vision, there is a problem of geography. The Dire Wolf was confined to the Americas.

Who was the ancestor of the Grey Wolf? The Tomarctus canid lived millions of years before the Dire and Grey wolf and believed to be the direct ancestor of wolves and dogs. However, it lived in the Americas and was much smaller in stature. There was the other canid group Borophaginae who were "bone crushing". Fossils of this animal was found only in North America. Cynarctoides canines lived in the Americas over 20 million years ago. All this becomes too vague as no one really knows exactly who or what evolved into the modern wolf and the domestic dog. The latter started off living with humans thousands of years ago during the last Ice Age, somewhere in the Middle East. It's not known if wolves traveled across the land strait to the Americas from Europe or vice versa. Some think now it happened the other way round giving the amount of fossils on record. Most biggest question of all what are the origins of the hellhounds? Like some people explain that dragons are a primitive ancestral memory of dinosaurs, are these big mythical hellhounds our ancient memory of Dire Wolves?

Useful stuff:
Garm
Black Dog (ghost)
Wolf origins
Hellhounds



Fairytale Grimoire: The Sleeping Beauty

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One of the best loved fairy tales is "The Sleeping Beauty". It's other titles have been "The Sleeping Princess", "Briar Rose" and "La Belle au bois dormant". The story has been written by many including the Brothers Grimm, Giambattista Basile and Charles Perrault. Everyone knows the Disney's animation of "Sleeping Beauty" based on the old fairy tale and the name of the princess is Aurora is one of the favourite heroines. The story itself is much older, borrowed from folklore, oral tradition and traces from mythology.

Basically the story is like this:

At the naming ceremony of the baby princess, twelve fairies are to give wonderful blessings. Each fairy gives the baby a gift, and just as the twelfth fairy was about to do so, suddenly there was a storm that interrupted. Within the storm arrived the uninvited thirteenth fairy, who was raging because she hadn't been invited to the naming ceremony. As a punishment to the king and queen, she gave the baby princess a terrible curse, which was that when the princess reaches eighteen years, she would prick her finger on a needle of a spinning wheel and die. That fairy was gone afterwards, leaving the royal couple distressed. The twelfth fairy, who hadn't yet given her gift, said that she couldn't change the curse itself but instead of death, the princess would sleep for eternity only to be woken up by a kiss.
The king ordered that every spinning wheel in the land should be destroyed. Spinning wheels were burned on a massive fire, and it became forbidden to have one.
Years passed. The princess grew up and on her eighteenth birthday, she played hide and seek with her friends in the palace gardens. She wandered away to hide, and wandered off until she found a tower. She entered, and climbed a winding staircase that reached to a room at the top. Inside was an old woman sat by a spinning wheel. The princess didn't know what was happening, she hadn't seen a spinning wheel before. She asked the old woman what she was doing. The old woman told the princess that she was spinning thread. The princess was curious and eager to have a go herself. The old woman showed the princess how it was done by coiling thread around the spindle/needle but the princess cut her finger.
She fell into a sudden deathlike sleep. Everyone in the entire palace, including the king and queen, servants, guards, cooks, even dogs and horses, fell asleep. The whole palace froze in time and remained in a stasis of sleep. One of the invited twelve fairies appeared to lay the princess down on a bed and dressed her in a blanket of silk. Years passed. Hundreds of years and centuries maybe went by. The palace was no longer visible except for a tower peeping up through trees. The palace and its grounds were enclosed by a huge wall of thorns and trees. Outside the bramble of thorns was a dragon, guarding the sleeping palace (most modern storybook versions don't feature a dragon).
Word got round that a dragon was guarding treasure behind the dense forest of thorns. Men, knights, warriors and princes tried bravely to pass the dragon and never succeeded. Many perished or gave up trying. Then someone came and he was different. A prince, and an outsider, who didn't know much about the dragon or the giant thorns. While he was riding through a village, he encountered an old man in a lane who told him about treasure guarded by a dragon near the thorns. He was determined to see this and killed the dragon, so that he could enter the wall of thorns. He used his sword to hack away the foliage and scratched himself doing this. Then a mysterious passage opened through the thorns, allowing him entry.
He walked through an overgrown palace full of sleeping people and sleeping animals. He wandered around the palace and reached a tower, where he discovered a beautiful princess asleep among a bed of roses.
He fell in love with her and kissed her lips, waking her up from an eternity of sleep. After she woke, she saw the man who rescued her and fell in love with him. The rest of the palace woke up, and the thorns fell. Both prince and princess went away to marry.

The End

There's a lot of parallels with this fairytale and another fairytale, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs. I'll mention what they are:
1. Needle pricking finger.
2. Gifts upon a baby princess.
3. Eternal deathlike sleep.
4. Woken by a kiss.
The spinning wheel needle, not so different from the threaded needle, symbolic of the Norns, weaving destiny. Pricking ones' finger either represents that destiny has caught up, or symbolically linked to sacrifice and the cutting in order to create magic. The Norns are the fairies of destiny, who choose the life path of the baby princess's future. The eternal sleep is similar to the transgression phase of a heroine is she either loses immortality or gains immortality. The Valkyrie Brunnhilde lost her immortality and fell in a long eternal slumber, surrounded by a ring of fire, only to be woken by a kiss. Snow White fell into an eternal sleep after eating a poisonous apple, who was woken by a kiss. Some say that this sleeping phase is like the divine Earth daughters leaving/sleeping during Winter, and their waking/return to the land brings Spring. 


Valkyrie Mist

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One of the lesser known Valkyries of Norse and Germanic mythology is called Mist. Her name could be linked to an Old Norse word/name mistr to mean "cloudy" or "foggy".

The horses of the Valkyries were said to have manifested from air and water. Some of the Valkyries rode through mist and others appeared to be sunlike, bright, white as snow, feathers of white, swan maidens and white goddesses.

Mist was a "swan maiden" Valkyrie who was dressed in a long flowing white gown and a cloak of white feathers. Her hair was a golden honey colour and her eyes were pale grey. She was one of the "swan maidens" of ancient stories. She appeared on earth (Midgard) to bathe in pools and streams. She took on the shape of a swan, or looked like a swan when she was seen in her cloak. A shroud of mist enveloped her.

As the legend went, a man who sees a nymph, goddess, Valkyrie and swan maiden bathing is usually blinded. However, the swan maiden is vulnerable. If a man steals her cloak of feathers, she remains trapped on Midgard and is bound to the man as his wife. There are stories like this but nothing to indicate it happened to Mist.

It's said that a wish can come true if you're holding a white swan's feather. The swan maidens were also called Wish Maidens. These maidens had mystical abilities that they were born with. They were immortal and virginal, and remained pure by their feathers and protected by their luminous armour whenever they wore those. They rode across the sky and settled to drink and dip in waters on the earth.

Mist appears in two poems: Grimnismal (Sayings of Grimnir), of the Poetic Edda, and Nafnaþulurof the Prose Edda. Those are epics and adventures of giants, monsters and men with references to the Valkyries.

Links:
Prose Edda
Poetic Edda 
Valkyries, wish maidens and swan maids
Swan Maidens
Picture is by artist Kirk Reinert

Enchanted flowers: Forget-me-not

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Spring is here and already dozens of new flowers are appearing. Wild flowers of many varieties cluster on the lawns, gardens, woodlands, riverbanks, parks and pathways. There are also blossoms on brambles and trees, that rain petals of honey scented confetti, and bees and butterflies swarm to them.

The common feature on the grasses in April are various blue flowers, violets, periwinkle and forget-me-nots. These flowers are the colour of the sky. As there are many flowers in Spring, and many more flowers yet to bloom, this subject shifts onto any flower, and not just about a flower that appears right now.

Forget-me-not appears in April and onwards. It's other name is Myosotis, from the Greek word meaning "mouse ears". These are small delicate blue flowers with tiny yellow centres (stars) that grow in clusters and they like moisture and shade.

The flower is not actually associated with healing properties because of rumours that it may cause illness. Yet the flower has had known healing abilities. It was said to cure a dog's bite and a scorpions' sting. It's often symbolic of love, luck, charity and remembering. Once, people wore forget-me-nots to deter witches and bad spirits.

A story about a Medieval knight walking along the riverbank near Danube. He was with his girlfriend and he tried to pick forget-me-not flowers to give to her. His armour was so heavy that he fell into the river. As he was drowning, he clutched onto the flowers in his hand and called out "Forget me not!" Forget-me-nots are linked to royalty. Henry IV had forget-me-nots as his emblem in 1398. Forget-me-nots have been used as emblems for masonry, Alaska and the Alzheimer Society.  

   

     

Blood Eclipse

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It's supposed to be a blood moon, a full moon with the appearance of looking like blood and it coincides with the season of Easter/Eostre/Ostara. Most people like to associate blood moons with disaster and death. The sight of a blood moon is an effect caused by a shadow of sunlight during a lunar eclipse. Then there is the mystery of a lunar eclipse and strange things that have happened during it. Once you presume that, you look for things that are not even there. The moon has been very bright last night and I couldn't sleep at all. I was too busy running through the woods on all fours, howling, or maybe not. I was just kidding. I was having strange visions though.

Death and destruction happens all the time and a blood moon isn't a post. It's a mirror and a clock. What's been around and goes round in a circle comes back again. Time itself is round and just like a clock, and just as the cycles of a year and the orbits of the worlds, we go around in a circle.

Many modern people are wary of blood moons. Blood moons are just like the numbers on a clock. People shouldn't be scared of blood moons as much as they shouldn't be scared of 12:00 hrs but some really are!

Yes the moon has an effect on people. The full moon certainly turns people a bit funny and crazy. Werewolves come out during the full moon. It's when people are prone to aggression and carnal madness, and when sleep patterns are disturbed and when the water changes.

When a woman is menstruating during a lunar eclipse, and even during a blood moon, it's called a Sanguine Moon and a Fire Moon. The triple goddess mothers (Earth Mother/Erda, Solar Mother/Sunna and Moon Mother) make that rare visit to observe life and do work. So it's advisable not to practice any form of occult magic during this phase but to rest, labour as normal and chill.

However humans are prone to let their instincts take over and behave unrestrained, very paranoid, disrespectful of others, manic, hungrier, insomnia, anger and yes lycanthropy. I'm probably guilty of this if I'm not careful.

Tips on how to survive a blood moon: It's best to shut the curtains or blinds. Hide out the view and read a book or watch TV. Don't go out or make any spells. Avoid alcohol and other drugs. Drink plenty of water and have some salad.

      

Fairytale grimoire: Rapunzel

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This is one of the Brothers Grimm most strangest stories. There are different versions of the tale and modern storybooks are cleaner and less dark. However, it's still full of dream symbolism and historic traits. The heroine princess is called Rapunzel. Unlike the princesses of other fairytales, Rapunzel has unusual features and that comes in the way of her having extremely long hair. Rapunzel's hair is very strong enough to act like a rope ladder for people to climb up. She doesn't get injured and seems invisable. Her tears have healing properties that can cure blindess. Her voice alone attracts a lover way out into the forest. She lives alone in a tower and was raised by a cruel witch. Her own mother feasted on vegetables while pregnant with Rapunzel and the special plants were called Rapunze.

The name Rapunzel is from a real plant called Campanula Rapunculus, or rampion, from the bell flower family. It was a popular to grow and eat during meals hundreds of years ago. It's a plant that is a herb, flower and a vegetable. The root of Rapunzel can look like a turnip and cooked like one mainly in boiled water until ready to eat. The flower of this same plant is star shaped and lilac, light blue to purple in colour, containing a milky sap that was, centuries ago used as a cosmetic. The leaves of the plant contains Vitamin C and tastes like spinach.

There are also myths about the rampion Rapunzel plant that distorts the behavour of children, turning them wild and quarrelsome. One legend tells of a girl from Calabria in Italy, who pulled up a rampion bellflower from the soil. Then the ground opened to reveal a secret staircase descending down into the earth. But this rapunzel plant has its mythical roots in death, funerals and bad luck.

The story outline (my version based on traditional and modern versions):

Once upon a time there was a pregnant woman who lived with her husband. They both lived in a cottage almost virtually next door to a witch that grew rampion in her garden. The witch's garden was not easily acessable as it was surrounded by a high wall. The woman was becoming ill with hunger as she wanted nothing else to eat but the rapunzel from the neighbour's garden. She pleaded with her husband to climb over the wall and fetch some rapunzel. The man didn't want to see his wife suffer, and at night he would climb over the wall and enter the garden, and pick some of the plants. He carried the rapunzel back over to his house and gave it to his wife. She enjoyed the taste and wanted nothing else but the plant. 
One night as the man was picking rapunzel from the garden, he was caught red handed by the witch. He was so afraid of her that he made a bargain. He would continue to have the witch's plants so long as the baby is handed over to the witch after birth.
When the baby was born, it was a little girl and she was named Rapunzel, after the same herbal flower vegetable that her mother always ate. The witch took the baby from her parents and they never saw her again.
Rapunzel became a beautiful young woman but she lived in a room at the top of a tower. The tower had no doors or stairs. She was not able to get out and only the witch, who raised her, could get in through the window at the top of the tower. Rapunzel would be called to lower down her long long hair so that the witch could climb up it.
Rapunzel was a prisoner and she was also very gifted at singing. One day, a prince rode by on his horse and he listened to Rapunzel's sweet singing voice. He was so enchanted that he followed the sound and came to the tower. Then he heard someone coming and he hid behind trees. He watched the witch call out, "Rapunzel! Rapunzel! Let down your hair!"
Soon a long rope dangled from the tower top. The witch climbed up and entered a window high up. The prince waited and eventually the hair rope dangled down the tower and the witch was descending. He waited for the witch to disappear through the forest. When she was gone, he left his hiding place and called out, "Rapunzel! Rapunzel! Let down your hair!"
He climbed up the rope of hair and entered a window at the top of the tower. He met the beautiful Rapunzel. They soon fell in love. The prince visited her every day.
Then one day, as the witch was climbing Rapunzel's hair, it felt painful as the witch tugged and pulled. Rapunzel said "Owch! You're not as gentle as the prince".
Knowing that Rapunzel was seeing a man, thje witch became furious and cut off Rapunzel's hair. She banished her into the forest and saw no mopre from her again. Later that day, the prince called for Rapunzel. The witch schemed and dropped down Rapunzel's hair rope. The prince climbed but when he reached the window and saw the witch, she let go and the prince fell to the ground. He landed in thorns and cut his eyes. He wandered blind and sad, looking for his lost love.
Then he heard singing. He was drawn to the sweet voice, and Rapunzel appeared. She recognised her prince after all these years. She was in company of twin children that she had while in the wilderness. The children's father was the prince. She was so overcome with joy at finding him again that she wept tears of happiness. Her tears fell into his eyes and his sight returned. Both Rapunzel and the prince returned to his palace with the twins, where they lived happily.
The end. 

Theory 

Some modern versions don't include the twins. Rapunzel is older than Grimm as they wrote down oral stories and many other storytellers have been doing the same long before.

First of all what sounds to be happening at the beginning of the story is that Rapunzel's pregnant mother was experiencing a pica condition, where pregnant women are overcome by unusual food cravings. Some women desire non-food. (I personally had a pica craving for raw mushrooms when I was pregnant and didn't want anything else. I used to buy dozens of packets of mushrooms each week and ate them without washing it as I liked the taste of dirt). So the story outlines a truth that a pregnant woman craved a particular food. The parents of the heroine seem poor and scared of approaching their neighbour so the man resorted to stealing from the witch's garden. The witch contains her veggie garden within a high wall, as she contains her adopted daughter in a tower. The witch seems to be nasty because she's stolen the girl from her parents and locked her in a tower. To the witch, the garden is as precious to her as the girl Rapunzel.

I can guess that further back in history, the witch of the story might've been a benign herbalist or a  grandmother figure, who took custody of Rapunzel if the mother died during childbirth.Death during labour and childbirth was far more common in the past, and elderly women with their wisdom and healing gardens took over roles as midwives, nurses, healers and carers. However, the message of the story changed because superstitious people feared anything to do with natural medicine, elderly women, magic and nature because of witchcraft. The old woman or forster mother became a witch.

Now Rapunzel as a character is often a recurring figure in older fairytales and myths, the maiden in the tower and the imprisoned princess. Many writers, scholars, folklorists and bloggists have written about Rapunzel sharing so much in common with the tragic princesses of older stories. I will briefly highlight those now before I get to the point I'm making.


"Saint Barbara" - A 3rd Century tale of a princess who was locked in a tower by her father. When she refused to follow his religious beliefs, he beheaded her. She was turned into a saint and appears in many countries as an icon.


"Petrosinella" - A woman steals parsley from an ogresses garden and is made to give away her baby daughter, who was named Petrosinella (parsley). The ogress locks the girl in a high tower and only visits her by climbing up the girl's long hair. A prince listens to her singing and rescues her.

"Persinette" - Similarly, a girl named Persinette (parsley) locked in a tower by a sorceress. Once, her own parents lost their daughter after being caught stealing parsley from the sorceress's garden. She visits the girl by climbing up her ladder hair. A prince visits her and the rest is similar to the story we know.  

There are countless of stories of princesses and maidens locked away in towers, even the story of Danae from Greek myth, where a princess named Danae is locked away by her father to avoid meeting a lover, because it was once prophesised that her son would kill him. The god Zeus visited her in a shower of gold and she became pregnant. She was thrown out with her baby, who grew to be the hero Perseus.

Many of these stories are either negative (the princesses getting beheaded or imprisoned forever) or positive (heroic princesses, divine maidens, demi goddesses, lovers of gods). 

What I can see is a pattern, a maiden in the tower could've been misinterprated. Perhaps Rapunzel is a symbol of the Divine Maiden at the axis point, on top of the mountain, at the highest peak, nearer the clouds, sun, moon and stars. She's up there, at a vast distance, with no easy way to reach her. The hair is a wish. The hair is symbolic of trees, branches, stairs and the roots of the earth, keeping Midgard locked together with Asgard. The idea of a Divine Maiden on top of a building has existed since time began and she's regarded as a holy figure. She is the sun, the moon, stars and sky. She's not a mere mortal. Throughout history there are pieces of architecture revealing such Divine Maidens such as the caryatids, statues of women on high buildings and on pillars. These maidens have been around since ancient Greece, and the cyryatids appear in the Acropolis and other ancient sites, as well as many official buildings. They are women on pedastals and fairies on a tree top.

The Rapunzel story, to me, is of a prince who finds the tall tower dwelling of a Divine Maiden. Her hair, or golden stairs and ropes, is the passage from this earth to the sky that would've been otherwise impossible to locate if he had not spied upon the mortal foster mother/witch.   

By SheWolfNight


Poisonous & Beautiful: Stargazer lily

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This will be a series of twelve posts about all the loveliest prettiest natural wildlife things that are also deadly and toxic. I'm starting with Stargazer lily, mostly because it's my favourite flower, I've got hairclips of fake Stargazing lilies and it's the same age as me!

The flower was bred in the 1970's by a hybridiser called Leslie Woodriff. Stargazer lily got it's name because it always looked towards the sky, and appears to do the same at night. They are born from Oriental lillies.

The flowers love to thrive in subtropical temperatures with plenty of sunlight. These flowers are wonderfully scented fragrant flowers. It's appearance is of a perfect elegant star in six large petals, striking spotted pattern detail, coming in different colours of pink, red and white. Long slender filaments and fiery stamens burst from the middle. The pollen is thick and golden, so beware, it can stain clothes.

These beautiful flowers are popular with gardeners and celebrations. The Stargazer lilies are favoured at bridal ceromonies. Many brides and bridesmaids wear them in their hair and carry these Stargazer lily boutiques. Even decourations on layered wedding cakes are stargazer lilies, real or fake. Girls like to wear a Stargazer lily at parties, and sporting tattooes of Lillium Stargazer flowers is something personal and a growing trend too. Despite how pretty and perfumed they are, and how nice they look on food, Stargazer lilies are pretty poisonous!

They've got a reputation of being cat killers. These flowers are noxious towards cats, who've eaten them in their owners gardens. Cats suffer a load of illnesses, kidney failure, heart attacks and death from eating a Stargazer lily. Anyone with these flowers should be careful of the serious hard it will do to your kitties. To avoid this, place a cat scarer (in the form of a feline statue) close by the Stargazer lily to put off any wondering cat from going near the poison flowers. Although it's not been reported of harming humans and other animals, eating them should be avoided.   

The Power of Sol

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This is the most universally known goddess belonging to every pantheon and culture. Well known throughout the ancient world as one of the primal goddesses, a Great Mother goddess, and Queen of the Heavens, the Sun is worshipped and well loved by everyone. A divine Mother of the solar system, who gave forth life and light, and warmth, nurtures and carries all of us with Her in this part of galactic space.

She's got thousands of names to each of the peoples who love Her. In the Norse myths and legends, Her name is Sol. To the Celts and Saxons, Her name was Sulis. The ancient Britons called Her Aine who was later called Titannia "the queen of the fairy folk". The ancient Greeks called Her Eos or Hemera, goddess of day and sunlight. The Romans called Her Aurora or Dawn. To the East, the solar mother goddess is named Saule and Solnste. The ancient Egyptians knew Her as Sekhmet. Not forgetting how She was revered and idolised in Japan, where She's called Amaterasu. In Buddhism, She is the wisdom and radiant shades of Tara. The goddes Sol has had other names among the northern tribes too. "Everglow", "Fair Wheel", "All Bright" and "Golden One".

To the people of the North, the sun was much welcomed because of the light and heat, fertilising the soil and bringing back life to the forests and fields. During Winter months, Sol was missed. Her light waned and it turned darker and cold, and the landscape was barren. People went into a state of panic and misery, as many died. Crops failed. Leaves fell off trees. Meat was scarce. Animals hid. At the arrival of Spring, people held solar festivals, ceromonies, rites and much happy celebrations to greet the blessing of the sun goddess' return.

According to northern myths, Sol's father is Mundilfari, a god of time. Sol has a brother named Mani, who's a powerful moon god. They have a little sister named Sinthgunt, a gentle girl goddess of the moon's waxing phase and the twilight hours. Their mother is Nott, starlit goddess of night. Now this great celestial family are a different type of gods, as these fall into a catagory of cosmic giants. A race of gods that live in a different dimensional reality, whose words, thoughts and actions have an impact on other lifeforms around them.

The birth of Sol tells a story in a mythical sense of the birth of our solar system and how our sun (goddess) came to be. Sol travels over the sky in a blazing bright chariot, pulled by two divine winged horses. Their names are Allsvin ("very fast") and Arvaker ("early walker"). Both horses have runes of protection chiseled and filled with magical light on their hooves.

There is a constant battle going on the sky, creating this everlasting dance, sun rising and arches over the earth in the day and sets, and the moon rises at night, arches and sets. Both goddess Sol and Her brother god Mani are persued by two killer wolves.

These two wolves are named Skoll ("treachery") and Hati ("hatred"). The wolves are constantly trying to hunt down the sun and moon and according to legend, at the time of Ragnorok, the wolves will devour both Sol and Mani. The wolves are sons of Fenris, the giant wolf, and Larnvidia, a she-wolf from Jarnvidur ("Ironwood").

Sometimes Skoll and Hati catches up with the celestial brother and sister, and bites them, resulting in solar and lunar eclipses. Although the goddess Sol will one day perish, Her daughter named Sunna will replace Her. The solar princess Sunna will become the next sun goddess and will shine even brighter.


In magic the solar goddess is associated with the colours white, red and gold. Her symbols are wheels and disks. A few of Her solar animals are horses, birds, lions and dragons. The worship of Sol happens twice a year during the solstices. Temples have been built for Her worship, including the famous Stonehenge. Her special rune is Sowilo of inner radiance.

For books on the sun goddess:

"Goddes Afoot! Practicing Magic with Celtic and Norse Goddesses" by Michelle Skye.
"The Sun Goddess: Myth, Legend and History," by Sheena McGrath.
"Drawing Down the Sun: Rekindle the Magick of the Solar Goddesses" by Stephanie Woodfield.
"Viking Myths: Stories of the Norse Gods and Goddesses" by Thor Ewing.

The art used on this post is by Jonathon Earl Bowser.

Valkyrie Brynhildr

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The Valkyrie named Brynhildr or Brynhilda, is more famously recognised as Brunnhild. She appears as two characters in Wagner's "Ring Cycle" operas, as Sigdrifa and then Brunnhild, queen of Iceland. This romaticised the valkyrie and put her in the same league as Titannia, Atalanta, Dornicka, Isolde and Princess Ida as opera Diva characters. It resurrected the stories of the entire valkyries into the modern age. Brynhildr is based upon myths from Germanic mythology.

In the Volsunga Saga, Brynhildr is a "shield maiden" valkyrie. She was said to have been immortal, but displeased the All Father god Odin for choosing to help a young king defeat a wiser, older king. This angered Him and He removed the valkyrie's powers, so that Brynhildr was reduced to little more than a delicate frame. She was put under a coma, locked inside the top room of an isolated castle on a mountain, and her bed chamber was surrounded by a ring of perpetual (controlled) fire. The only way for her to be rescued was for a man to break the spell and wed her.

Then a hero named Sigurd Sigmundson stopped nearby. He had already killed a dragon and got inside the castle. The man was strong and feared nothing. He passed through the fires and was unharmed. He was able to reach the lovely valkyrie, and he removed her helmet and gave her a kiss. The spell was broken. Brynhildr woke up as a mortal woman, but gifted with psychic powers. She fell in love with the man who saved her and he loved her.

The story continues and changed unfolding different dramas and a tragic love story but the Volsunga Saga mentions that Brynhildr and Sigurd had a daughter named Aslaug. This girl later grew up and married Ragnar Lodbrok. According to other versions, Sigurd betrayed Brunhildr by marrying a princess, daughter of a sorceress. There was magical herbs involved, making Sigurd forget his love for Brynhildr. It sparked fury with Brynhildr who went about seeking punishment on Sigurd. The tale resulted in both the loss of Sigurd's and Brynhildr's lives.

Links:

Valkyries on Timeless Myths
Volsunga Saga
Brunnhilda in Wagner Characters



Warmth in those amber eyes

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The name I give to the spirit of wolves, all wolves, and their cousins the wild foxes and dogs in the woodlands, the hyenas, dingos and jackels of the sunnier lands, and the coyotes of the wild Americas, the dholes in jungles, and even the memory of prehistoric canidea etched in fossil records.

There's no mistaking that these animals, the wild predator has been wronged by humanity for the past few hundreds of years, if not thousands. The animals, mainly wolves, have been hunted and slaughtered to non existence from many lands and islands. These animals are not a pest.

Without them, the landscape would be barren. The absense of wolves has changed the landscape and culture of Britain. People harp on the green and pleasant land but it's just that, green and flat, or with some grassy dunes mostly cultivated. The actual forests have shrunken and what lives there now are other wild animals, the over population of deer that, even though these have much right to live there, they feed off the forest. A reintroduction of wolves will see a decline in the deer population, and alter the populations of other wild animals too, and increase the growth of trees and shrubs.

For whatever reason, out of fear and ignorance, the animals won't be let go into the wild but kept on conservations. Still maybe that is good for them too in the present attitude, as the wolves are being cared for and understood greatly by humans. I believe that wolf conservations and any conservation is a gift because humans working there are doing what nature intended of us, become guardians of the earth. Protectors of animals and not destroyers.

The wolf has been misunderstood by people. One of the biggest of these lies is the werewolf legend. I'm not saying werewolves don't exist. I'm sure werewolves do probably exist on a supernatural level, and may be entities or even an unknown creature stalking the landscape between different dimesions. Or the werewolf is the soul of a person taking on the bestial character of the wolf. Warriors used to be like this. Then madmen who killed innocent people called themselves "werewolves" and today anyone who thinks of themself as a wolf is classed as Lycanthropic sufferer.

Wolves and werewolves are totally different. The actual wolf animal and I don't mean any of the other canines of the wildnerness, but perhaps some, is the ancestor of the domestic dog. Humans domesticated wolves because of several needs and the biggest of all is hunting help. Wolves have a powerful sense of smell and ancient humans used them and trained them to help track down prey, dead carcasses, water, fruit, other human settlements and disease!

Humans are, argue with it or not, a scavanger breed. The strongest and fastest and wisest people hunted and then farmed. But everyone else was fed and looked for food. Today people are fed and buy food delivered at stores. Most people are not aware of this but ancient humans relied on the senses of wolves to help hunt, find food, find shelter and water, know about the weather and to prepare for the worst. In time, wolves developed a friendship with humans and humans forgot these animals were once wild.

We owe it to the wolves that we're here now, and that we progressed in hunting skills, travelled, located settlements, avoided dangers, found better quality fertile land ripe for sowing, developing a bridge of two species forming friendships and bonds, making a dog and a human adopted family members, and to be self disciplined in loyalty and trust.  

Poisonous & Beautiful: Datura

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The second of the poisonous pretty beautiful things in nature is another flower, one that is quite toxic and by far the most alien looking flower on the planet.

Datura, otherwise called Moonflower and Angel's Trumpet, is both a killer and a beautiful weed. Datura is a drug and a poisonous herb, often associated with magic and murder. This flower is part of the Solanaceae "nightshades" family. It's nicknamed in folklore as the "witch's thimble".

Throughout history people have poisononed food and drink with Datura, resulting in deaths. Datura causes severe side effects, hallucinations, fatigue, intoxication and aggression, pain and vomiting. Some people who've eaten Datura and survived have experienced a number of terrible side effects and had to be hospitalised.

Some treatments of Datura poisoning includes stomach pumps with potassium solution and Eserine remedies. Eserine is also named Physostigmine, grown from the calibar bean, found on the leguminous climbing plant of Africa. It's effects removes the effects of Datura, and other types of poisoning. 

The exotic Datura has five petals that are in usually soft candy shades of white, yellow, purple and pink. These flowers look like a display of upturned flowing pettiskirts. They unfold in a spiral anti-clockwise pattern with curled tips. Then their fully opened flowers look like wonderful hexagons. Some say that Datura is used in gardens to get rid of pests but don't underestimate the dangers of Datura. It must be handled with professional advice.

Black Shuck the ghostly dog

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The myth of a demonic dog with flaming red glowing eyes that was seen in East Anglia, who frightened the locals for the past several centuries, has been discovered! As a skeleton.

Or is it the legendary dog itself?

This dog was nicknamed "Black Shuck". Over the last thousand years, people reported witnessing a huge black dog with glowing red eyes, and very sharp teeth and claws. People that came across it were paralyzed on the spot. Some people died of fatal heart attacks when they encountered it. Other people found their lives turned with ill luck after having seen the Black Shuck entity.

One day, 4th of August 1577, at the time of the Protestant Reformation, people sought sanctuary in the Holy Trinity church in Blythburgh during a thunderstorm. Whilst there, the evil dog entered the abbey and killed two people who were praying. Some people were injured by the dog and told everyone their story about what had happened in there. As the dog fled the church, it left deep scratch marks on the door, and actually these marks can still be seen now if you go there and have a look.

Black Shuck entered another church on the same day later that evening. It was at St Mary's church in Bungay, miles from the other church. The thunderstorm was so strong and clashes of lightning struck at the church. The demonic dog burst through the door and killed other people inside. All of it was reported by the vicar, who was horrified by the whole thing. These churches were not safe from that monstrous creature.

It must be said that the two churches are connested by a ley line. Both churches built on sacred pre historic sites of worship. It's where ancient kings have been buried along with their treasures. The Holy Trinity church was destroyed by lightning during Black Shuck's terrible appearance and wasn't restored until three centuries later. Bungay is an ancient town with Roman traces and objects found there. Today Black Shuck is a mascot for Bungay's sporting events and the dog appears on Bungay's Coat of Arms.    

It happened during the Elizabethan era that caused much shattering changes in English society, amid a rise of public paranoia, witch hunts as well as tensions with Spain. It was the age of William Shakespeare who wrote plays drawing in elements of history and folklore. There was a social feeling of compassion towards the vulnerable in society then. Children were educated in schools by the help of parishes who then offered them apprenticeships so that they had work set out for their futures. There were charities in place looking after the needy. Work houses were set up to take in a number of unemployed stronger people that were interested in work. Despite the amount of criminals, outlaws, robbers and conspirators, the country developed the notion of providing a welfare system within a climate of fear and superstition.

There was plenty of darkness and sinister shadows in that era. The outbreaks of the Black Death plague killed many. Superstitions turned into mass hysteria. Beliefs in magic and herbs became illegal. Poor people, especially the vulnerable and women in particular, were always targetted by mobs of cruel witch hunters.

Since the Reformation, the respected convents were closed, and many women and girls from poorer backgrounds didn't have anywhere else to turn to. Yet Queen Elizabeth the First of England was less harsh towards punishing those accused of witchcraft. Her England was less brutal towards witches than in other European countries. She didn't want people to go through torture or to have the accused executed by fire. This is the state of the country during the killings by Black Shuck.

Now there was a recent discovery of a dog, who appears to be the legendary "Black Shuck"! This is what people are speculating so far. Archeologists found a skeleton of a 14 stone and 7 foot tall dog, buried in a shallow unmarked grave at the ruins of Leiston Abbey near Bungay.

Radio carbon dating will provide an answer to the age of the dog and the era it came from. Could it have been Black Shuck? All we can do now is imagine. First of all, it's a huge dog and it was found buried in the ground of, what used to be, the abbey's kitchen! Is it the hell hound? Was Black Shuck simply a vicious dog on the loose instead of a supernatural beast? If the latter then does this explain the thunderstorms occuring with the dog's sightings? The dog, if it was the same Black Shuck, appeared to travel across a ley line accompanied with a storm. Both churches are built on ancient sites. Were the canine remains of someone's pet? The team Dig Ventures were those who unearthed the mystery dog. Now we'll anticipate the results of the tests....

Links:
Dig Ventures and the huge dog      
The Legend of Black Shuck     
Black Shuck claw marks on door
      
      

Adventure Girls: Dorothy

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This is a new series of posts (subjects) I'm going to do, called "Adventure Girls"."Adventure Girls" are about different heroines from fairytales, story books, folklore and legends.
They're girls who've been on exciting adventures, and many of them had to survive or overcome their fears. Tough girls, and always seeking quests.
Some have been led down scary sinister paths, or taken to other lands outside of their control, but soon regained their courage to get what they want.
Many of these girls are pretty famous favourite characters from fairy stories. Others are not so well known but whose stories of adventure and magic have been around for a long time.
The inspiration of doing this new project is an extension from other projects of mine, covered here on this blog, with the titles "Power of the Goddess" (focusing only on Norse and Germanic goddesses) and "Fairytale Gromoire" (there are 8 of those altogether).

Adventure Girl Part 1 = Dorothy
Full name - Dorothy Gale
Appears in - "The Wizard of Oz" by L. Frank Baum
Pets - A dog named Toto
Other info - Farm girl and heroine.

This girl appeals to a lot of young people and children (girls mainly) in a lot of ways. She's tough, for enduring so many dangers and befriending scary looking characters, facing a vile evil witch and helping others. Dorothy is most famously known for wearing a pair of magic shoes. In the fantasy musical "The Wizard of Oz" (1939), Dorothy (played by Judy Garland) wore a pair ruby slippers with hidden untapped powers. Originally in the book, those magic shoes were made of potent silver.

This girl was almost killed at the beginning of the story. Like other adventure girls, these heroines meet death. It's how she was sent to the land of Oz. A tornado whisked her there as she was huddled inside her house, until the house crashed landed upon a witch. The witch wore a pair of magic shoes, and was already a presence in the town of Munchkins, ready to cast a wicked spell over them. Dorothy accidently killed the witch but the witch's sister wanted the magic shoes and take revenge.  There had been two evil wicked witches, the dead witch of the east, whose magic shoes Dorothy inherited. And another, the wicked witch of the west. The good witch, possibly a witch of the north (who appears as Glenda in the 1939 film), gave Dorothy the shoes and a kiss of protection. That would've helped Dorothy on her journey. But instead, Dorothy faced more problems.

Dorothy's quest was to seek a wizard, who lived in the Emerald City, that would help her return home. To get there, she must walk along a road made of yellow bricks. She met a talking scarecrow, a man made of tin, and a lion without courage. These characters went along the road with Dorothy as they too wanted to see the powerful wizard. During the film, all of them make it to the Emerald City but then an intoxicating field of poppies sends them all to sleep. Gradually they are woken and finally enter the city gates, at first blocked by a city guard. When they all eventually meet the wizard, he's a tyrant head floating above a high emerald throne. The wizard is so frightening that they do as he commands, and sends them away to locate the witch of the west. Flying monkeys carry Dorothy to the witch's castle, and again, by accident she kills the second witch with a bucket of water. 

And so it goes on. The film didn't include everything that the original book had within. There were further adventures and more strange and weird characters.

There is a very occult feel to the "Wizard of Oz". It contains references to alchemy, magic and folklore. For instance, the paganism is subliminal and indirect, both using Celtic, Norse and Native American traditions. For example, whether deliberate or not, or it was the author's subconsiousness or plan, it's not too obvious. The little dog Toto is actually a wolf pup nicknamed "Totem". The Emerald City is a desired object, the Emerald Tablet, or Smaragdine Tablet, and Oz the wizard is possibly based on a god such as Hermes or Odin. The yellow brick road isn't a gold rush influence but cryptic clues for reaching the Emerald City, the Grail of Oz.

Dorothy is a modern rural heroine of fairytales and folklore. Although she's one of the favourite heroines admired by a lot of kids, there is a true life tragedy to her. The author read a news report about a real girl named Dorothy Gale, who was killed by a tornado in Irving, Texas, in 1879. Dorothy is also the name of Baum's neice who died during infancy. In a way to cope with the grief, Baum created his character Dorothy as a strong and lively teen heroine.

Actresses who played Dorothy Gale:
Anne Loughlin (1902)
Bebe Daniels (1910)
Dorothy Dwan (1925)
Judy Garland (1939)
Joy Dunstan (1976)
Diana Ross (1978)
Fairuza Balk (1985)
Zooey Deschanel (2007)
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Valkyrie Göndul

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Goldul is a dark Valkyrie who carries with her, a magic wand in the shape of a powerful crystal torc. Associated with sorcery, Gondul is one of the valkyries that was feared by ordinary men, women and children.

Her name is linked to the old Norse root gandr that means "magical wand" and "magic charm". Some people dabbling in the occult used to summon Gondul to help assist forming spells and curses. But doing this was often fateful, dangerous and even led to those people being tried for witchcraft.

When Gondul appeared on the battlefield ready to take a fallen warrior to Valhalla, she sometimes failed because the souls of warriors fled. Gondul would humiliate the dead and refuse to help them sit on her horse.

Gondul is a beautiful Valkyrie maiden, whose hair is apple blossom white, and her eyes are silver. She has been known to seduce mortal men and uses her sensuality to manipulate and win the hearts of powerful kings. She was said to have created a war just by bedding two different kings and turning them against one another. Why she did this is not understood or even clear as there are fragmented writings about Godrun. Piecing it all together makes little sense. It just makes her look like a bad mannered Valkyrie.

Linked with sorcery and seduction, cruelty and rebellion, this Valkyrie never betrays the gods. She simply doesn't like mortals very much. Or the ancient texts, poems and stories echo the premitive Valkyrie through Gondul, and anything to do with the Old Ways and so spiritual beings were demonised.

I don't personally take these things too literally. The Valkyries, all, were a type of Northern celestial nymphs that are a part of nature, and help calm the dead warriors so that they settle across peacefully, not through rage. Gondul is, in writings almost anti-clockwise but perhaps she only represents death itself, as angels and the Grim Reaper. Valkyries have been a personification of death for thousands of years, when they're also fantasy figures of women in armour to make the entry to death from a battle feel serene.

In Greek mythology, Keres were maidens of death. Daughters of Nyx, goddess of night, they resembled shadowy female vampire ghosts who drank blood and ate flesh. Their names "Keres" and "Valkyrie" both mean "choosers of the slain". The Valkyries were beautiful and supposedly loving and warm hearted, but doing deeper work you'll find that some valkyries are quite selfish and emotional. Gondul as a mythical character certainly seems that way. Some have found that her name means "werewolf" as she is associated with magic and the occult.

Links:

Valkyries - Mythical Realm
Heimskringla
Sorla Pattr (English)
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